H2490: חלל‎ — BDB

2490: חלל‎

† I. חָלַל verb bore, pierce (Arabic خَلَّ perforate, pierce through, transfix, Ethiopic ሐለት፡ (hollow) read; Aramaic חֲלַל hollow out, חֲלִילָא pipe; Hylo adjective hollow, Hlxo cave, aXtleo sheath, etc.; Late Hebrew in derivatives חָלָל noun hollow, adjective slain, חָלִיל pipe); —

Qal Perfect לִבִּי חָלַל בְּקִרְבִּי my heart is pierced (wounded) within me Psalm 109:22 (? literally one has pierced my heart; or read Pu. חֻלַּל ?); Infinitive construct חַלּוֺתִי הִיא Psalm 77:11 it is my piercing, my wound (my woe, my cross; so Ew Hi De Bae MV SS Kö^{i. 341}, but Hup Pe Bi Che read חֲלוֺתִי my sickness).

Pi. Participle plural (Baer) בְּיַד מְחַללֶי֑ךָ Ezekiel 28:9 in the hand of the ones wounding thee (Sm Co read מְחוֺלְלֶ֑ךָ).

Pu. Participle מְחֻלֲלֵי חֶרֶב pierced by the sword Ezekiel 32:26.

Po`el Perfect 3rd person feminine singular חֹלֲלָה יָדוֺ נָחָשׁ בָּרִחַ Job 26:13 his hand pierced the fleeing serpent; Participle feminine מְחוֺלֶלֶת תַּנִּין Isaiah 51:9 who pierced the dragon.

Po`al Participle מִפְּשָׁעֵינוּ מֲחֹלָל Isaiah 53:5 pierced, wounded because of our transgressions (of the servant of י׳, || מְדֻכָּא מֵעֲוֺנֹתֵינוּ).

† II. [חלל] verb denominative play the pipe, pipe —

Qal Participle plural וְשָׁרִים כְּחֹלֲלִים Psalm 87:7 as well the singers as the pipe-players, compare AV; < RV Pe De Che Bae and others

Polel Participle from 1. חוּל dancers.

Pi. Participle וְהָעָם מְחַלְּלִים בַּחֲלִלִים 1 Kings 1:40 and the people piped with pipes (compare Assyrian ḫâlalu, according to Dl in Zim^{BP 117}).

† III. [חָלַל] verb pollute, defile, profane;

Hiph. also begin (literally untie, loosen, open, see Arabic) (Arabic حَلَّ untie, undo, become free, lawful, free from obligation or tie; IV. make lawful; x. esteem lawful or free, profane, desecrate, violate; Late Hebrew חלל be profane, desecrated (also Pi. Hiph. transitive), compare Aramaic חֲלַל Lelfo Pa. is purify, LeoAf  Aph. is profane) —

Niph. Perfect נִחָ֑ל Ezekiel 25:3, נִחַלְתְּ (־תִּי Co) Ezekiel 22:16, נִחֲלוּ Ezekiel 7:24; Imperfect יֵחָ֑ל Isaiah 48:11, תֵּחֵל Leviticus 21:9, וָאֵחַל Ezekiel 22:26; Infinitive הֵחֵל Ezekiel 20:9, 14, 22, suffix לְהֵחַלּוֺ Leviticus 21:4. —

1. reflex. pollute, defile oneself

a. ritually, by contact with dead || טמא, Leviticus 21:4 (H).

b. sexually || זנה Leviticus 21:9 (H).

2. Passive, be polluted, defiled, of holy places Ezekiel 7:24; Ezekiel 25:3, name of God Ezekiel 20:9, 14, 22; Isaiah 48:11 and even God himself Ezekiel 22:16, 26.

Pi. Perfect חִלֵּל Leviticus 19:8 + 3 times; suffix חִלִּלוֺ Deuteronomy 20:6; 2nd person masculine singular חִלַּלְתָּ Genesis 49:4 + 3 times; 2nd person feminine singular חִלָּ֑֔לְתְּ Ezekiel 22:8; 3rd person plural suffix חִלְּלוּהֻ֯ Ezekiel 7:21 etc., + 16 times Perfect; Imperfect יְחַלֵּל Leviticus 21:12, 15, 23; suffix יְחַלְּלֶנּוּ Deuteronomy 20:6; plural יְחַלְּלוּ Leviticus 21:6 + 4 times, יְחַלֵּ֑לוּ Psalm 89:32 etc., + 13 times Imperfect; Infinitive חַלֵּל Amos 2:7 + 4 times; חַלְּלוֺ Ezekiel 23:39 + 4 times; חַלְּלָם Jeremiah 16:18; Participle מְחַלֵּל Ezekiel 24:21 plural מְחַלְּלִים Malachi 1:12; Nehemiah 13:17; suffix מְחַלֲלֶיהָ Exodus 31:14; feminine מְחַלֶּלֶת Leviticus 21:9; —

1. defile, pollute:

a. sexually, Genesis 49:4 (poem) = 1 Chronicles 5:1 (the father's bed); a woman = זנה Leviticus 19:29; Leviticus 21:9 (H); זַרְעוֺ Leviticus 21:15 (H).

b. ceremonially, profane, the altar by a tool Exodus 20:25 (JE); sacred places Leviticus 21:12, 23 (H), Ezekiel 7:21, 22 (twice in verse); Ezekiel 23:39; Ezekiel 24:21; Ezekiel 44:7; Zephaniah 3:4; Malachi 2:11; Psalm 74:7; Daniel 11:31; the holy land Jeremiah 16:18; sacred things Leviticus 19:8; Leviticus 22:9, 15 (H) Numbers 18:32 (P) Ezekiel 22:26; the sabbath Exodus 31:14 (P), Isaiah 56:2, 6; Ezekiel 20:13, 16, 21, 24; Ezekiel 22:8; Ezekiel 23:38; Nehemiah 13:17, 18; and so the sanctity of the prince of Tyre who made himself God, and his holy places, Ezekiel 28:7, 16, 18.

c. the name of God Leviticus 18:21; Leviticus 19:12; Leviticus 20:3; Leviticus 21:6; Leviticus 22:2, 32 (all H), Amos 2:7; Jeremiah 34:16; Ezekiel 20:39; Ezekiel 36:20, 21, 22, 23; Malachi 1:12, God himself Ezekiel 13:19.

d. י׳ defiles or profanes his inheritance by giving it over to Babylon Isaiah 47:6; the princes of the sanctuary by giving them to Chaldeans Isaiah 43:28.

2. violate the honour of, dishonour, י׳ subject crown of Davidic kingdom Psalm 89:40 (followed by לארץ pregnantly), kingdom of Judah Lamentations 2:2; the גאון בל צבי Isaiah 23:9.

3. violate a covenant Psalm 55:21; Psalm 89:35; Malachi 2:10, the חקות of God Psalm 89:32.

4. treat a vineyard as common (see חֹל) by beginning to use its fruit Deuteronomy 20:6 (twice in verse); Deuteronomy 28:30; Jeremiah 31:5 (see the law Leviticus 19:23-25, H).

Pu. Participle בַּגּוֺיִם שְׁמִי הַגָּדוֺל הַמְֿחֻלָּל Ezekiel 36:23 my great name which is profaned among the nations.

Hiph.

1. a. Imperfect אֶתשֶֿׁםקָֿדְשִׁי עוֺד לֹא אַחֵל Ezekiel 39:7 I will not let my holy name be profaned any more.

b. לֹא יַחֵל דְּבָרוֺ he shall not violate his word Numbers 30:3 (P).

2. begin, Perfect הֵחֵל Genesis 6:1 + 15 times, הֵ֫חֵלָּה Judges 20:40, הַחִלּוֺתָ Deuteronomy 3:24; Esther 6:13, הַחִלֹּתִי Deuteronomy 2:31; 1 Samuel 22:15, הֵחֵ֫לּוּ Ezra 3:6 + 6 times; Imperfect יָחֵל Judges 10:18; Judges 13:5, וַיָּ֫חֶל Genesis 9:20 + 5 times, 3rd person feminine singular וַ֫תָּחֶל Judges 13:25; Judges 16:19, 2nd person masculine singular תָּחֵל Deuteronomy 16:9, אָחֵל Deuteronomy 2:25; Joshua 3:7, וַיָּחֵ֫לּוּ Judges 20:31 + 3 times, וַתְּחִלֶּינָה Genesis 41:54, תָּחֵ֫לּוּ Ezekiel 9:6; Imperative הָחֵל Deuteronomy 2:24, 31; Infinitive construct הָחֵל 1 Samuel 3:12 + 2 times; suffix הַחִלָּם Genesis 11:6; Participle מֵחַל Jeremiah 25:29; — begin, Numbers 17:11; Numbers 17:12 (P) Deuteronomy 16:9; 2 Chronicles 29:27 (twice in verse); so 2 Samuel 24:15 We Dr ( inserts וְהַמַּגֵּפָה הֵחֵ֫לָּה בָּעָם before וַיָּ֫מָת); with Infinitive (ל) begin to Genesis 41:54 (E), Genesis 6:1; Genesis 10:8 = 1 Chronicles 1:10; Genesis 11:6; Numbers 25:1 (all J), Deuteronomy 2:25, 31; Deuteronomy 3:24; Deuteronomy 16:9; Joshua 3:7 (D), Judges 10:18; Judges 13:5, 25; Judges 16:19, 22; Judges 20:31, 39, 40; 1 Samuel 3:2; 1 Samuel 14:35; 1 Samuel 22:15; 2 Kings 10:32; 2 Kings 15:37; 1 Chronicles 27:24; 2 Chronicles 3:1, 2; 29:17; 31:7, 10, 21; 34:3 (twice in verse); Ezra 3:6; Nehemiah 4:1; Esther 6:13; Esther 9:23; Jeremiah 25:29; Jonah 3:4; with ו consecutive Genesis 9:20 (J), Ezra 3:8; with בְּ begin with Genesis 44:12 (J), Ezekiel 9:6; 2 Chronicles 20:22; so 2 Samuel 24:5, read וַיָּחֵ֫לּוּ for וַיַּחֲנוּ We Dr.; with מן begin from Ezekiel 9:6; הָחֵל רָשׁ begin! possess! Deuteronomy 2:24, 31; הָחֵל וְכַלֵּה beginning and ending 1 Samuel 3:12 (i.e. accomplishing my full purpose, see Dr).

Hoph. Perfect אָז הוּחַל לִקְראֹ בְּשֵׁם י׳ then it was begun (= men began) to call on the name of י׳ Genesis 4:26 (J).

Note. — וַיָּחֵלּוּ מְעַט מִמַּשָּׂא Hosea 8:10 begin to be minished by reason of the burden RV Hi and others; Wü Now read וְיָחִלוּ (I. חול, חיל) — for omission of daghesh see also וְיָחֵלוּ of Babylonian Manuscript — shall be in anguish a little for the burden, so Ra AV; Ew וְיָחִלוּ that they may wait (?) a little; וחדלו מעט ממשׁח cease a little from anointing, so Che We, this probably best.